4. No-Freeze Rule: If the referee detects that the players are not moving
forward until a touch is effected when the opposition attack has them defending within five metres of their own tryline
then a penalty may be given. The referee faces infield and using a pushing motion with the hand
to indicate defenders are not moving forward. This is the second
stage of the penalty sequence described at "Signals
for Penalties 1". (Rule 28)
5. No Touch, Voluntary Rollball: When the referee is positive that a
touch has not been effected by either the attacker or defender and the attacker performs
a rollball, releasing the ball, then a penatly can be given to the defending team.
The signal is given by having the arms bent at right angles, hands with palms upwards
making a lifting motion. This is repeated twice. This is also a second stage of the
penalty sequence described at "Signals for
Penalties 1". (Rule 30 & 32)
6. In the Ruck or Obstruction: If a defender interferes in the ruck area during
a play the ball or alternatively players use the referee or other players as an obstruction then
a penalty may be given. The referee signals by holding one arm parallel to the ground, the hand
is facing downwards with the palm towards the referee. The referee then moves the hand in an arc
in front of their body. This signal is performed as a second stage of the penalty sequence
described at "Signals for Penalties 1". (Rule 49, 50 & 51)